Near Infrared, Mid Infrared, and Far Infrared Wavelength Ranges
This article introduces the wavelength ranges of near infrared, mid infrared, and far infrared. Various domestic and foreign institutions have given a variety of slightly different opinions on the wavelength ranges of near, mid, and far infrared. Based on the different opinions of various materials, our company concludes that the wavelength range of near infrared (NIR) is 0.75~2.5μm, the wavelength range of mid infrared (MIR) is 2.5~25μm, and the wavelength range of far infrared (FIR) is 25~1000μm.
According to the definition in general physics, the infrared wavelength range can be divided into near infrared (NIR), mid infrared (MIR) and far infrared (FIR). The dividing lines for the classification of near, mid and far infrared are mostly in the following intervals. That is, near infrared, the wavelength is between (0.75-1) and (2.5-3) μm; mid infrared, the wavelength is between (2.5-3) and (25-40) μm; far infrared, the wavelength is between (25-40) and 1000 μm. It is reasonable to have a certain deviation between the dividing line between near infrared and mid infrared, and between mid infrared and far infrared.
For example, some institutions set the near infrared band range to 0.75~3μm, the mid infrared band range to 3~40μm, and the far infrared range to 40~1000μm. Or the near infrared wavelength range is set at 1~2.5μm, the mid-infrared wavelength range is set at 2.5~35μm, and the far infrared wavelength range is set at 35~1000μm. Different enterprises or fields have different ranges, but they are all within this reasonable floating range.
Some authoritative organizations define the near infrared, mid-infrared, and far-infrared band ranges:
Edmund Optics website: 0.750-3μm, 3-30μm, and 30-1000μm are defined as near infrared (NIR), mid-wave infrared (MWIR), and far infrared (FIR), respectively.
Baidu Encyclopedia divides the infrared spectrum into near infrared (0.75~2.5μm), mid-infrared (2.5~25μm), and far infrared (25~1000μm).
The range classified by the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics is near infrared 0.75~3μm, mid-infrared 3~6μm, far infrared 6~15μm, and extreme far infrared 15~1000μm.
Wikipedia only divides infrared into near infrared (0.75~1.4μm), short-wavelength infrared (1.4~3μm), medium-wavelength infrared (3~8μm), long-wavelength infrared (8~15μm) and far infrared (8~15μm) according to the detector classification method, without defining it according to the classification method of near infrared band, medium infrared band and far infrared band.
The detector classification method shown by the German LAYERTEC manufacturer shows that the near infrared band range is 0.78-1.4μm, the short-wave infrared wavelength range is 1.4-3μm, the medium infrared band range is 3-8μm, the long-wave infrared band range is 8-15μm, and the far infrared wavelength range is 15-1000μm.
The limit of 1000μm, the farthest range of infrared, was proposed by Herschel, a British scientist who discovered and proposed infrared in 1800. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) defines near infrared as electromagnetic waves with a wavelength range of 780 to 2526 nm. It is customary to divide the near infrared region into two regions: near infrared short wave (780 to 1100 nm) and near infrared long wave (1100 to 2526 nm). This can be regarded as the origin of the dividing line of 2.5 μm between mid-infrared and near infrared.
Short-wave infrared, mid-wave infrared, and long-wave infrared are concepts that are easily confused with near infrared, mid-infrared, and far infrared. In fact, they are two different concepts. The infrared band range can be divided into short-wave infrared (SWIR), mid-wave infrared (MWIR), and long-wave infrared (LWIR) according to the different receiving ranges of infrared detectors. Different fields and applications also have different classification methods and band classification ranges for infrared. The wavelength ranges corresponding to short-wave infrared (SWIR), medium-wave infrared (MWIR) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) are: 1.1~2.5μm (short-wave infrared), 3~5μm (medium-wave infrared) and 7~14μm (long-wave infrared).
Commonly used optical infrared materials are germanium (Ge), silicon (Si), zinc sulfide (ZnS), zinc selenide (ZnSe), calcium fluoride (CaF2), magnesium fluoride (MgF2), fused silica, lead selenide (PbSe) and lead telluride (PbTe). In addition to the common infrared materials used in the manufacture of infrared optical components, our company can also provide some infrared windows for laser applications with good optical properties.
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Hanzhong Brisun Optics Co., Ltd. Is the high precision optical element manufacturer provides customized production of Various optical lenses, including spherical lens, cylindrical lens, optical window, mirror, prism, filter, metal base mirror and other high-precision optical elements. The base materials include various optical glass, fused quartz, calcium fluoride (CaF2), zinc selenide (ZnSe), germanium (GE), silicon (SI), sapphire, metal and other materials. And provide antireflective film, high reflection film, spectroscopic film, metal film and other optical coatings.
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